RT  - Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache
ID  - 10.11607/jofph.7110
T1  - Changes in Subjective Symptoms of Craniomandibular Disorders in Children and Adolescents During a 10-Year Period
A1  - Tomas Magnusson
A1  - Gunnar E. Carlsson
A1  - Inger Egermark
YR  - 1993
SP  - 76
AB  - <p>An epidemiologic sample of 293 subjects in three age groups, now 17, 21, and 25 years of age, were followed longitudinally with respect to symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction during a 10-year period. Reports of one or more such symptoms increased in all three age groups during the 10 years. At the follow-up, 1 in 3 individuals in all three groups had noticed such symptoms occasionally and 10% had them frequently. Reports of oral parafunctions such as bruxing and clenching also increased, while other parafunctions such as nail, lip, cheek, and tongue biting increased from the age of 7 to 11 but then decreased with age. Despite the high incidence of subjective symptoms of craniomandibular disorders, only a few subjects had had any kind of functional treatment performed during the 10-year period, and only 7 had an actual demand for treatment at present.</p>