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Original Research

Open Access

Changes in salivary biomarkers of burning mouth syndrome patients after clonazepam treatment

  • Sungil Jang1,2
  • Ji-Eun Kim3
  • Young-Hee Lee1
  • Won Jung2,4,*,

1Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, 54907 Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea

2Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University—Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, 54907 Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea

3Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, 54538 Iksan-si, Republic of Korea

4Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, 54907 Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea

DOI: 10.22514/jofph.2024.019 Vol.38,Issue 2,June 2024 pp.111-118

Submitted: 11 March 2024 Accepted: 10 April 2024

Published: 12 June 2024

*Corresponding Author(s): Won Jung E-mail: jungwon@jbnu.ac.kr

Abstract

There is a lack of objective indicators to evaluate the treatment effect of burning mouth syndrome, a neuropathic pain of unknown causes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate potential salivary biomarkers by analyzing saliva before and after clonazepam treatment in patients with burning mouth syndrome. Saliva was collected from 23 patients with burning mouth syndrome before and 4 weeks after the topical administration of clonazepam. Patients were classified as responders (pain relief of 50% or more, n = 10) or non-responders (n = 13) based on pain relief after treatment. Clinical examination data of responders and non-responders were compared using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test. Changes in the level of salivary biomarkers (salivary α-amylase, cortisol, calmodulin, α-enolase and interleukin-18) were evaluated before and after treatment using Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test, and their association with treatment response was examined using Fisher’s exact test. The salivary biomarker levels showed no significant differences between the responders and non-responders. However, the change in salivary α-amylase activity after treatment revealed a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.039). Although not all patients showed the same pattern, there was a difference in the alteration of salivary α-amylase activity before and after treatment between responders and non-responders. Further study is required to clarify whether there is a causal relationship between salivary α-amylase activity and treatment response. However, considering that salivary α-amylase activity is related to orofacial pain and psychological stress, this suggests the potential use of salivary α-amylase as a biomarker for burning mouth syndrome.


Keywords

Burning mouth syndrome; Salivary biomarker; Salivary α-amylase; Clonazepam


Cite and Share

Sungil Jang,Ji-Eun Kim,Young-Hee Lee,Won Jung. Changes in salivary biomarkers of burning mouth syndrome patients after clonazepam treatment. Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache. 2024. 38(2);111-118.

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